Utsman bin Affan

Uthman bin Affan Al-Umawi Al-Qurasyi, a rich merchant who was generous and very shy. He converted to Islam in the early days through the invitation of Abu Bakar. He was married by the Prophet ﷺ to his daughter, Ruqayyah, and after his death he was also married to Umm Kulthum - because of that he was called Dzun-Nurain, the owner of the two lights.

Uthman bought the Raumah well from a Jew and donated it to the Muslims, and financed a third of the troops during the Battle of Tabuk (Jaisyul 'Usrah). The Prophet ﷺ said, "It will not harm Uthman whatever he does after today," because of the magnitude of his contribution in the way of Allah.

As the third caliph, Uthman unified the reading of the Koran in one rasm (Ottoman Mushaf) when differences in qiraat began to cause disputes, then sent copies to various countries. This service maintains the unity of the people over one mushaf to this day.

At the end of his caliphate, there was a slander initiated by the rebels. Uthman refused to shed the blood of Muslims to maintain his position, and was patient even though his house was under siege. He firmly adheres to the Prophet ﷺ's will not to take off the "clothes" (trust) that Allah put on him.

The rebels attacked and killed Uthman while he was fasting and reading the mushaf, until his blood dripped on the verse "Fasayakfikahumullah" (then Allah will protect you from them). He died as a martyr in 35 AH, leaving behind an example of patience, shame and generosity.